Leopard Seal Facts

Panther Seal Facts In the event that you get the chance to take an Antarctic journey, you might be sufficiently fortunate to see a panther seal in its normal natural surroundings. The panther seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) is an earless seal withâ leopard-spotted hide. Like its catlike namesake, the seal is an amazing predator high on the natural way of life. The main creature that chases panther seals is the executioner whale. Quick Facts: Leopard Seal Logical Name: Hydrurga leptonyxCommon Names: Leopard seal, ocean leopardBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 10-12 feetWeight: 800-1000 poundsLifespan: 12-15 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Sea around AntarcticaPopulation: 200,000Conservation Status: Least Concern Portrayal You may think the undeniable distinguishing highlight of the panther seal is its dark spotted coat. Be that as it may, numerous seals have spots. What sets the panther seal separated is its extended head and twisted body, to some degree taking after a hairy eel. The panther seal is earless, around 10 to 12 feet in length (females marginally bigger than guys), weighs somewhere in the range of 800 and 1000 pounds, and consistently is by all accounts grinning on the grounds that the edges of its mouth twist upward. The panther seal is huge, however littler than the elephant seal and walrus. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/YmBvW1OWXUsAKSwQ0akFoDpgyQQ=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/panther sealgrinning598869098-e4be23f9885947de85a3aa16315aac64.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/rVQIINXkDPVUsibeEhsguYncjcM=/998x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/panther sealgrinning598869098-e4be23f9885947de85a3aa16315aac64.jpg 998w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/9Hl9uq1IiTNB0471qN1NEL_5zsY=/1696x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/panther sealgrinning598869098-e4be23f9885947de85a3aa16315aac64.jpg 1696w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/vbcjUA7ODGnzNI1pVSZgoxkqISg=/3093x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/panther sealgrinning598869098-e4be23f9885947de85a3aa16315aac64.jpg 3093w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/YSnYHnFERATHoMkPzxtcWQhaJRM=/3093x2056/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/panther sealgrinning598869098-e4be23f9885947de85a3aa16315aac64.jpg src=//:0 alt=The mouth of the panther seal rotates toward the sky at the edges, taking after a grin. class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-6 information following container=true /> The mouth of the panther seal rotates toward the sky at the edges, taking after a grin. Subside Johnson/Corbis/VCG/Getty Images Natural surroundings and Distribution Panther seals live in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters of the Ross Sea, Antarctic Peninsula, Weddell Sea, South Georgia, and Falkland Islands. Once in a while they are found along the southern shorelines of Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. The panther seals living space covers that of different seals. Diet <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/rHGdjqd1WxY8ad4SC_lcscoukwc=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/adelie-penguin-glancing in-panther seal-s-mouth-518946030-5a2ed5947d4be80036b126a4.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/9zEIqUTZO2vMrw2oxZ3vFlHMqvU=/1725x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/adelie-penguin-glancing in-panther seal-s-mouth-518946030-5a2ed5947d4be80036b126a4.jpg 1725w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/z_DC5M5zJj_Jw4dFaTFKDbr7mks=/3150x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/adelie-penguin-glancing in-panther seal-s-mouth-518946030-5a2ed5947d4be80036b126a4.jpg 3150w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ppDSGDbhVB0RB8ghgs92Zoj4ctg=/6000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/adelie-penguin-glancing in-panther seal-s-mouth-518946030-5a2ed5947d4be80036b126a4.jpg 6000w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/QqO2E4VsCxpBsknf7S2jCbfLVRM=/6000x3992/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/adelie-penguin-glancing in-panther seal-s-mouth-518946030-5a2ed5947d4be80036b126a4.jpg src=//:0 alt=Leopard seals eat penguins. class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-11 information following container=true /> Panther seals eat penguins.  © Tim Davis/Corbis/VCG/Getty Images The panther seal will eat pretty much some other creatures. Like different predatory warm blooded creatures, the seal has sharp front teeth and fearsome-looking inch-long canines. In any case, the seals molars lock together to make a sifter that permits it to channel krill from the water. Seal puppies principally eat krill, however once they figure out how to chase, they eat penguins, squid, shellfish, fish, and littler seals. They are the main seals that routinely chase warm-blooded prey. Leopard seals frequently hold up submerged and push themselves out of the water to grab their casualty. Researchers can break down a seals diet by looking at its bristles. Conduct Panther seals are known to act slyly with prey, regularly with youthful seals or penguins. They will pursue their prey until it either escapes or bites the dust, however wont essentially eat their execute. Researchers are unsure of the explanation behind this conduct, yet trust it might help sharpen chasing abilities or may essentially be for sport. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/0w0qI59bJ8JCzVOPiN0KIjisFlg=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/grown-up panther sealhydrurga-leptonyxinspecting-the-camera-above-and-underneath water-at-damoy-pointantarcticapolar-districts 536221628-5a300cb789eacc0037c58bce.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/Y9BzwLVM2sTGOYTFSlalvlgoto4=/869x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/grown-up panther sealhydrurga-leptonyxinspecting-the-camera-above-and-beneath water-at-damoy-pointantarcticapolar-areas 536221628-5a300cb789eacc0037c58bce.jpg 869w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/H3oA-ASFHAWxHk42fWioLeT_vvw=/1438x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/grown-up panther sealhydrurga-leptonyxinspecting-the-camera-above-and-beneath water-at-damoy-pointantarcticapolar-locales 536221628-5a300cb789eacc0037c58bce.jpg 1438w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/swpZsieG9oSU8YiMfDzZ6XqSQGA=/2576x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/grow n-up panther sealhydrurga-leptonyxinspecting-the-camera-above-and-beneath water-at-damoy-pointantarcticapolar-areas 536221628-5a300cb789eacc0037c58bce.jpg 2576w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/iYL-vKQy2f-JnZ4n1acP7qO3y3Q=/3865x2576/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/grown-up panther sealhydrurga-leptonyxinspecting-the-camera-above-and-underneath water-at-damoy-pointantarcticapolar-districts 536221628-5a300cb789eacc0037c58bce.jpg src=//:0 alt=Leopard seal guys hang under the ice when they sing. class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-17 information following container=true /> Panther seal guys hang under the ice when they sing. Michael Nolan/Getty Images During the austral summer, male panther seals sing (uproariously) submerged for quite a long time every day. A singing seal hangs topsy turvy, with a twisted neck and throbbing expanded chests, shaking from side to side. Every male has an unmistakable call, in spite of the fact that the calls change contingent upon the seals age. Singing corresponds with the reproducing season. Hostage females have been known to sing when regenerative hormone levels are raised. Generation and Offspring While a few sorts of seals live in gatherings, the panther seal is single. Exemptions incorporate mother and little guy sets and transitory mating sets. Seals mate in summer and conceive an offspring following 11 months incubation to a solitary puppy. During childbirth, the puppy weighs around 66 pounds. The puppy is weaned on the ice for about a month. Females become full grown between ages three and seven. Guys develop somewhat later, commonly between ages six and seven. Panther seals live quite a while for a seal, somewhat in light of the fact that they have hardly any predators. While the normal life expectancy is 12 to 15 years, itsâ not unprecedented for a wild panther seal to live 26 years. Protection Status As indicated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), researchers once accepted there might be more than 200,000 panther seals. Ecological changes have drastically influenced species the seals eat, so this number is likely off base. The panther seal isn't jeopardized. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) records it as a types of least concern. Panther Seals and Humans Panther seals are profoundly risky predators. While assaults of people are uncommon, instances of animosity, following, and fatalities have been archived. Panther seals are known to assault the dark barges of inflatable pontoons, representing a roundabout hazard to individuals. Nonetheless, not all experiences with people are savage. At the point when National Geographic picture taker Paul Nicklen dove into Antarctic waters to watch a panther seal, the female seal he shot brought him harmed and dead penguins. Regardless of whether the seal was attempting to take care of the picture taker, instruct him to chase, or had different intentions is obscure. Sources Rogers, T. L.; Cato, D. H.; Bryden, M. M. Conduct importance of submerged vocalizations of hostage panther seals, Hydrurga leptonyx. Marine Mammal Science.â 12â (3): 414â€42, 1996.Rogers, T.L. Source levels of the submerged calls of a male panther seal. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.â 136â (4): 1495â€1498, 2014.Wilson, Don E. also, DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Species: Hydrurga leptonyx. Well evolved creature types of the world : an ordered and geographic reference (third ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005.

The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet

William Shakespeare's work of art, The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, is around two sweethearts that are prohibited to be together and their answer. The composing style of this Shakespearean play uncovers the period of the play by featuring the social classes. Dexterously utilizing his composition, Shakespeare builds up his characters by suggesting the social classes of each character. Shakespeare utilizes language utilization and style to recommend the individual social standings. In the Renaissance Era, the partition of the social classes is conspicuous. The four principle social gatherings are the nobles, shippers, the working class, and workers (Dowling, â€Å"Renaissance Social Hierarchy†). At the top, the nobles have broad property, live in huge luxurious homes outside of the city, and are proprietors of huge organizations (Dowling, â€Å"Renaissance Social Hierarchy†). Since the nobles own the vast majority of the land, they have a great deal of intensity and will in general be military officials, counselors to sovereignty, and legislators (Dowling). Nobles are prepared to be warriors, to have social abilities, to move appropriately, and to convey themselves with a specific air about them (Dowling). Workers, then again, don't live in such extravagance. Their bosses didn't promise them work and their business status and check relied upon their exhibition in their obligations (Dowling). In spite of the hardships in a worker's life, the life of a laborer was far more terrible. All of society grimaced apon the workers. The detachment of social remaining during the Renaissance Era was self-evident. Language use between the various classes was very extraordinary. The individuals who are higher up in the social stepping stool have more training chances and therefore are progressively instructed. In Shakespeare's composition, the language use by each character assists with distinguishing the social arrangement of the character and build up the character. Romeo and Juliet frequently utilize an ironic expression or an absolute opposite when conversing with and about one another (â€Å"Bitesize†). † †¦ † (1.1.44â€69). Characters like Romeo and Juliet will in general talk in a measured rhyming clear refrain. Regular society or individuals that are viewed as workers will in general talk writing. † †¦ † (1.1.44â€69)

Use Middle School Expository Essay Sample

Use Middle School Expository Essay SampleMiddle school expository essay samples offer an exceptional approach to writing a comprehensive essay, in any subject. Expressive essays help students understand their world and learn to write compelling essays.You will find plenty of expository essay samples that teach you the basics of writing essays. This kind of writing requires some exercises and the use of some vocabulary. It is very important that you master some vocabulary so you can turn an expository essay into a more comprehensive one.The questions about an expository essay are usually brought to the reader by the author. There are some sample sentences, which will allow you to take advantage of these questions.Many sites offer samples of essays, in all subjects, but not all of them have written from the perspective of the writer, a middle school expository essay. These resources are great and will give you a good idea about what they are all about.Since most essays are used for cre dit, Middle School Expository Essay samples are not the same as the regular essay. But, if you will combine this type of essay with a regular essay, then it will be more thorough. This is not a hard science, but it is a great way to start to understand and appreciate the writing process.Expository essay samples do not need to be wordy and lengthy. You need to make sure that your content is simple and straightforward.The best way to create an expository essay is to look at articles or journals, if you don't have an original idea. Of course, the more you know about the topic, the better chance you have of coming up with an original idea. You also want to make sure that you do not say too much, so you don't distract the reader.You can find many samples of Middle School Expository Essay on the internet. Some sites will give you hints and advice, so you can come up with a unique expository essay.

MBA Applicant Blogger Interview with Priyank

We’d like to introduce you to Priyank, an MBA applicant, risk management consultant in NYC, and author of the blog Writing in Transit. Thank you Priyank for sharing your admissions experience with us, and best of luck to you! Accepted: First, wed like to get to know you. Where are you from? Where and what did you study as an undergrad? What is your current job and where do you live? Priyank: Hi, my name is Priyank. I am originally from India but I completed both high school and undergrad in Florida (University of Florida Go Gators!). Since undergrad I have been working in the consulting industry, first as a business analyst in technology consulting, and now as a risk management consultant. I recently moved to New York after travelling to the city for work every week for about  two years. Accepted: Can you tell us about your blog? Why did you start blogging? What do you hope to gain from the experience? Priyank: I used to blog about trading and investing during my undergraduate years. But when I started working I was short on time and long on trading restrictions imposed by my clients. So I stopped that blog, but I have always enjoyed writing and knew I always wanted to start another one. When I seriously started considering an MBA, I started following some of the blogs by other students and applicants and was inspired to start one about my own MBA application experience. My blog is fairly new and is still taking on a defined personality, but right now most of my posts focus on my MBA journey. I have also written about some of my consulting experiences. Unlike swimming, writing is not a skill that stays with you forever. I hope that writing consistently for a few months leading up to my applications will help me refine my skill. I have also become a more reflective person as writing forces one to organize thoughts and put things in perspective. Finally, as I said, I enjoy writing – I find it to be relaxing and it is always good to see new visitors who [hopefully] enjoy my writing. Accepted: What stage of the application process are you up to?   Priyank: Just finished the GMAT and now starting the essays. Accepted: What has been the most challenging aspect of the MBA admissions process so far? What have you done to approach and overcome that challenge? Priyank: I am still in the early stages of the application so I have not had too many challenges so far. Now that I am starting to look at essays, resumes, etc. I can tell that it will be hard to keep my creative juices flowing after putting in a full days work. I tried writing my first essay draft yesterday and after about half an hour all I got was I sat. But, as with anything worth doing, the application will require focused, undivided attention. This can be challenge while working, sometimes around the clock, and while balancing personal life. Accepted: Where do you plan on applying?   Priyank: I was lucky to get a good GMAT score, so I have the top schools in my sight. I am looking for schools that have a strong focus in entrepreneurship and social enterprise. I would also love to stay in New York. Given that criteria, I will likely be applying to HBS, Stanford GSB, MIT Sloan, and perhaps Columbia and NYU. I am still doing research however, and Yale, Babson, Booth, and Wharton are all possible application recipients. †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Accepted: Do you plan on staying in the same industry post-MBA or switching to a new field? Priyank: It is possible I end up back in consulting, but I definitely want to switch my focus to non-profit / social enterprise  consulting. I may also try to work in a start-up. I wrote a detailed post about this on my blog, and you can read all about it at  http://writingintransit.wordpress.com/2013/05/23/why-get-an-mba-the-post-mba-plan/. Do you want to be featured in Accepted.coms blog, Accepted Admissions Blog? If you want to share your MBA/EMBA journey with the world (or at least with our readers), email us at mbabloggers@accepted.com. //

Community Based Health Promotion Programs - 1957 Words

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Health promotion programs need to make it possible for the community to support healthy behaviors. To d o this successfully, the community and its leadership must be mobilized to provide community-based health promotion programs. Project Title Community Based Health Promotion - Its viability, cost-effectiveness and its impact on the community. This particular project is designed to assess the effectiveness Community Based Health Promotion on the Geriatric population and utilized Senior Fitness Test for baseline measures. Significance and InnovationShow MoreRelatedBSHE 500 Take Home Exam 1 Essay1689 Words   |  7 Pagesclass as providing many possible avenues for research and program implementation.   Using the required readings and lectures, write about the pros and cons of a social ecological framework for understanding health behaviors and designing health promotion programs. Your analysis should lead to a conclusion about the framework. 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Community Health in the Event of a Sars Outbreak Essay

Community Health in the Event of a SARS Outbreak The SARS Outbreak of 2003 SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) is a respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus, originally reported in Asia in February 2003 and spread to over two dozen countries before being contained (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2005). Once infected, individuals with SARS initially develop a high fever and other flu-like symptoms including headache, body aches and â€Å"overall feeling of discomfort† before, in most cases, progressing to pneumonia (CDC, 2005). The disease was first diagnosed in a middle-aged man who had flown from China to Hong Kong. A few days after the announcement of the disease, rumors and panic began to spread, causing†¦show more content†¦14). Routes of Transmission In the laboratory setting, the virus was found in respiratory droplets, feces, saliva, tears and urine (WHO/DCDSR, 2003). SARS is primarily spread through close, personal contact, such as kissing, hugging, eating or drinking, as well as being within 3 feet of a person who coughs or sneezes while infected and shedding the virus. These activities allow the respiratory droplets shed during these activities to come in contact with mucous membranes found in the eyes, nose and mouth (Kutsar, 2004). Other modes of transmission include aerosolizing procedures in hospital settings and contamination of surfaces in â€Å"healthcare facilities, households and other closed environments† (Kutsar, 2004, para. 12). There has been no confirmation of fecal-oral transmission or of transmission via water or food; however, over one-third of the earliest cases in China were among food handlers (Kutsar, 2004). Finally, there is a possibility of animal vector transmission, as discussed in regard s to the Hong Kong’s Amoy Gardens (WHO/DCDSR, 2003). 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When looking back at major outbreaks that occurred in the past, specifically the plague of 1665, it becomes apparentRead MoreThe Effects Of Cyber Attacks On The Public Health1831 Words   |  8 Pagesexponential increase in the number, complexity and sophistication of malicious software. The rate of occurrence of cyber-attacks, the lighting fast speed of dissemination, and the economic impact requires same level of attention and response as a pandemic health crisis. The technical solutions are addressing these serious concerns on the technological side but they do little to reduce or eliminate cyber-attacks from occurring in the first place. Also, they are more likely to be viewed as fun challenges

Minimum Pricing of Alcohol Report free essay sample

In 2009 â€Å"Changing Scotland’s Relationship with Alcohol: A Framework for Action† was published by the Scottish Government outlining the ways in which it hoped to combat the various health and social problems which exist as a result of the attitudes towards alcohol in Scotland today, highlighting â€Å"the need to take action to rebalance Scotland’s relationship with alcohol†¦to maximise our potential as individuals, families, communities, and as a country† (Scottish Government, 2009, p. ). Amongst the many recommendations of how this can be achieved, introducing a minimum price for the sale of alcohol was one which it was proposed should be enshrined in law; consequently, The Alcohol Minimum Pricing (Scotland) Act (2012) was passed by the Scottish Parliament. The aim of this report is to assess how this legislation will impact upon young people in Scotland and their attitudes towards alcohol. It is intended this end shall be met through examining current relevant research, considering comparative international studies, and with reference to an interview (Appendix 1) with a senior manager from a community based project designed to engage with this issue (in order to adhere to recognised ethical practice and confidentiality the interviewee will remain anonymous, but has given full consent to allow all comments and remarks to be used in reference to the topic being discussed as part of this report). It is hoped the most significant effect of this measure of control will be reduced alcohol consumption. It has long been known how damaging excessive use or misuse of alcohol can be to a person’s health, however, as outlined within the aforementioned Scottish Government framework, it is necessary to tackle the wider social issues also. The â€Å"Independent Review of the Effects of Alcohol Pricing and Promotion†, a study by the School of Health and Related Research at the University of Sheffield (ScHARR), outlined the positive impact such a policy can have upon those issues directly associated with excessive and irresponsible alcohol consumption. It determined there is a correlation between price increases and demand for alcohol, establishing increased pricing directly corresponds to a reduction in harm from alcohol misuse. Significantly, it also found that the availability of cheap alcohol is particularly attractive to harmful drinkers and young people (Booth et al, 2008). Effects of Alcohol Misuse Since 1980 alcohol has become 70% more affordable contributing to a rise in consumption of 19% in the last twenty years (Scottish Government, 2009). It is calculated that around 50% of men and 30% of women throughout Scotland regularly exceed recommended weekly guidelines for the amount of alcohol which should be consumed, outlined by the Chief Medical Officer as 21 units and 14 units of alcohol respectively (Scottish Government, 2009). This has resulted in almost 40,000 hospital discharges related directly to injuries and illnesses associated with alcohol in 2009-10, as well as doubling the alcohol associated mortality rate since the end of the 1980’s (NHS Scotland, 2010). The consequences for the health of the population as a result of the culture of drinking in Scotland today may worsen, as indicated by a study carried out by the journal Paediatrics. Across six European countries including Scotland this study undertook to discover how young people were influenced by their exposure to alcohol in movies, and indicated around 35 % of children in Scotland had â€Å"binge† drank at least once by the age of 13 (for the purposes of the study binge drinking equalled five drinks or more in one session). These were the second-highest figures of any country involved, and particularly concerning when compared to Iceland which returned a figure of 6%. The implications for the future health and economic costs for the people of Scotland are understandably worrying (Hanewinkel et al, 2011). The SALSUS (Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey) Report of 2010 (Black et al, 2010) was a survey of 13 and 15 year olds and their habits involving smoking, alcohol and drugs. Completed by over 37,000 school pupils, it helped identify current habits of young people in relation to alcohol. The survey discovered that 76% of 15 year olds had been drunk at least once and 20% regularly drank once a week. It should be noted that this figure had decreased from 26% when the same survey had been completed in 2008, with aggregated information pointing to an identifiable reduction in certain trends and the frequency of drinking amongst both age groups since peaking in 2002. Nonetheless, this should not suggest that the rates of alcohol consumption amongst teenagers should not continue to be a concern. Of those 15 year olds who had ever had a drink the survey found 34% had an argument as a result of their drinking and 19% had been in trouble with the police. Additionally, alcohol consumption levels amongst participants indicated a correlation between areas of deprivation and family structure and stability, as well as family attitudes to alcohol. Seemingly all the indicators signify that a culture of drinking has been inherited by Scotland’s children, with the associated problems certain to follow (Black et al, 2010). Minimum Pricing In order to determine what impact minimum pricing legislation will have on the culture and habits of drinking in Scotland it is worthwhile examining the effects of similar strategies which have taken place elsewhere. The American Journal of Public Health published a study by the Centre for Addictions Research of British Columbia which looked into the effects of minimum pricing of alcohol in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Their experience indicated that as little as a 10% increase in minimum prices could have a significant impact on drinking trends (Stockwell et al, 2010). Through analysis of data supplied by the government of British Columbia as part of an observational study measuring alcohol sales and prices over twenty years, then correlating this with additional local economic factors, the study ultimately found that a substantial reduction in alcohol consumption was the outcome of implementing pricing controls. How does this parallel between an increase in price and reduction in consumption translate when applied specifically to young people in Scotland? It is possible to gain an understanding of what the impact may be from the experience of those directly involved in services aimed at challenging the culture of alcohol misuse amongst young people. One such service is Liber8 Lanarkshire, a project with that specific endeavour as its core focus, providing intervention for those young people who have developed, or are developing, a dangerous relationship with alcohol, as well as promoting an alternative and healthy lifestyle model for any young people they work with. Based in Viewpark in North Lanarkshire, it provides information and education about the dangers and harm associated with alcohol. However, Liber8’s primary function is to carry out street-based interventionist strategies to engage with local young people in order to interact with the youth community and understand their attitudes towards alcohol. They offer alternative activities such as sports and games that those teenagers they encounter might not have access to, and attempt to help introduce young people to a variety of substitutes to drinking. One senior manager within the project has seen great progress made by this local service since its inception in 2006, through developing a relationship of trust with the young people in the area as well as creating awareness of the issues they face as a result of the many problems surrounding alcohol. When asked how they felt the minimum pricing strategy would impact upon local teenagers it was their opinion that it may have little effect, stating: â€Å"It is true that there is a preference for cheaper drinks like cider and alcopops (sic) amongst the local kids, but whatever money they tend to have is all disposable income. They don’t have much else to spend their money on, so unless you make those drinks particularly expensive they will still probably be able to afford it†, adding, â€Å"It is currently possible to purchase your weekly recommended amount of alcohol units for less than ? 4†. They believe there is little chance any price control that does not significantly increase the cost of drinking for young people (the proposed minimum price of 50p per unit would ensure a two-litre bottle of supermarket own brand cider retails at ? 4. 20) will alone have any profound effect on this culture of alcohol misuse. Although they do recognise and endorse the merits of such controls, acknowledging the benefits if implemented as part of a wider series of complimentary strategies. Alternative and Complimentary Strategies If the attitudes towards alcohol amongst young people in Scotland today are to be altered what additional strategies are available to achieve this? Along with Getting It Right for Every Child (GiRFEC), the recommendations outlined in â€Å"Changing Scotland’s Relationship with Alcohol: A Framework for Action† include far wider-ranging proposals than simply legislation. It was recognised that working in conjunction with agencies both nationally and locally to improve alcohol misuse education in Scottish schools is imperative as the first stage of preventative strategies and intervention against this problem. Through this measure children can be encouraged to make positive lifestyle choices by learning the facts and developing educated attitudes towards the issue in question. GiRFEC outlines that all children should be â€Å"safe, healthy, achieving, nurtured, active, respected, responsible and included† (Scottish Government, 2012) and if they are exposed to the dangers and effects of alcohol then clearly this is not the case. In addition, it is identified as necessary to support and develop new and varied opportunities for children in the areas of arts, sports and culture that will encourage physical and personal growth and development. It is anticipated that these initiatives, introduced at an early age, will increase the probability of positive outcomes and lifestyle choices for those children in the future (Scottish Government, 2009). Not all proposals outlined within the framework present clear and distinct strategies for intervention, such as the notion that youth workers, or those who work closely with young people, should be able to identify unhealthy patterns of behaviour related to alcohol misuse and intervene wherever necessary. Although desirable that this should be the case, it is unlikely that without designated formal training or identifiable support networks to empower workers in such situations will it be possible to achieve this. The findings of two linked research reviews by the Department of Psychology at the University of Bath, published as one report by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, â€Å"Children, Young People and Alcohol: How They Learn and How to Prevent Excessive Use†, indicates family influence is of significant importance in developing and informing young peoples’ attitudes. It highlights secure family structures and processes, such as regularly eating together, are shown to have a positive effect on young people’s attitudes and relationship with alcohol. Interventions based around the family are most successful, although interventions based around altering peer influence can work also. This report suggests a number of strategies which together could form â€Å"an integrated, planned and implemented community prevention system† and these include: educational and school programmes; parental education and training; stringent enforcement of the laws pertaining to the purchasing of alcohol by underage persons; and, crucially, the implementation of policy to change and control the price and availability of alcohol (Velleman, 2009). These conclusions reinforce the approach and strategies laid out within the Scottish Government’s framework. The Scottish Youth Commission on Alcohol (implemented as part of the framework) was challenged by Scottish Ministers with identifying suitable proposals for policy change in relation to these issues. Their report outlined forty recommendations relating to accessibility and availability, as well as the advertising and marketing, of alcohol; and also proposed structures for educational awareness, emotional support and personal safety all in relation to young people’s relationship with alcohol (The Scottish Youth Commission on Alcohol, 2009). Conclusion With consideration of the information outlined and discussed throughout this report it is apparent the issues surrounding young people and alcohol in Scotland today are both extensive and complex. The introduction of The Alcohol Minimum Pricing (Scotland) Act (2012) is almost certain to have an impact on Scottish society and the attitudes and habits of drinking therein, however in order to eliminate the many associated issues, particularly involving young people and teenagers, it is necessary to provide wide reaching and varied forms of education and intervention as well as legislative controls on pricing and marketing. Most significantly it would appear that challenging the relationship with alcohol that is developed by the time a person reaches adolescence is too late and must take place from an earlier age. The influence of family on attitudes of young people has been identified as being as important as that of peers, and as we have seen that influence can be linked to deprivation, poverty and family instability; and as those issues continue to be challenged there will no doubt be an improvement in alcohol related problems. Reducing consumption of alcohol by increasing price is one step in the right direction and in the long term will have a significant impact upon the associated health and social issues. However, how long that may take is unknown, and for now it will remain just a hope that in Scotland the generation emerging today will have a healthier relationship with alcohol tomorrow. (Word count: 2200) References Scottish Government (2009). Changing Scotland’s Relationship With Alcohol: A Framework for Action. Retrieved from: www. scotland. gov. k/Topics/Health/Services/Alcohol/FrameworkforActionProgressReport Booth, A. et al. (2008). The Independent Review of the Effects of Alcohol Pricing and Promotion. Retrieved from: http://www. shef. ac. uk/polopoly_fs/1. 95624! /file/SummaryofEvidence. pdf Scottish Government (2009). Changing Scotland’s Relationship With Alcohol: A Framework for Action. Retrieved from: www. scotland. gov. uk/Topics/Health/Services/Alcohol/FrameworkforActionProg ressReport Scottish Government (2009). Changing Scotland’s Relationship With Alcohol: A Framework for Action. Retrieved from: www. scotland. gov. uk/Topics/Health/Services/Alcohol/FrameworkforActionProgressReport NHS Scotland (2011). Alcohol Statistics Scotland 2011. Retrieved from: http://www. alcoholinformation. isdscotland. org/alcohol_misuse/files/alcohol_stats_bulletin_2011_updated_110413. pdf Hanewinkel, r. et al (2011). Alcohol Consumption in Movies and Adolescent Binge Drinking in 6 European Countries. Retrieved from: Paediatrics: Official Journal of the American Academy of Paediatrics website: http://pediatrics. aappublications. rg/content/early/2012/02/29/peds. 2011-2809. full. pdf+html Black, C. et al. (2010). Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey (SALSUS) National Report. Retrieved from: http://www. drugmisuse. isdscotland. org/publications/local/SALSUS_2010. pdf Black, C. et al. (2010). Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey (SALSUS) National Report. Retrieved from: http://www. drugmisuse. isdscotland. org/publications/local/SALSU S_2010. pdf Stockwell, T. et al. (2010). Does Minimum Pricing Reduce Alcohol Consumption? The Experience of a Canadian Province. Retrieved from The American Journal of Public Health website: http://ajph. aphapublications. org/doi/abs/10. 2105/AJPH. 2012. 301094 Scottish Government (2012). A Guide to Getting it Right For Every Child. Retrieved from: http://www. scotland. gov. uk/Resource/0041/00411151. pdf Scottish Government (2009). Changing Scotland’s Relationship With Alcohol: A Framework for Action. Retrieved from: www. scotland. gov. uk/Topics/Health/Services/Alcohol/FrameworkforActionProgressReport Velleman, R. (2009). Children, Young People and Alcohol: How They Learn and How to Prevent Excessive Use. Retrieved from: http://www. jrf. org. uk/sites/files/jrf/children-and-alcohol-use. pdf The Scottish Youth Commission on Alcohol (2010). Report of Recommendations. Retrieved from: http://www. youngscot. net/media/12177/syca_recommendations. pdf Appendix 1 Interview Questions How long have you been involved with Liber8 and what is your background within project work or social services? In your opinion is there a problem relating to teenage alcohol misuse within the local community? What are the effects of this alcohol misuse within the community and local area? In your experience what are the causes or main contributory factors towards this issue? Do you think the issue has persisted, improved or worsened in the time you have been involved with Liber8? What interventions do Liber8 use in counteracting the effects of alcohol misuse amongst teenagers? How do local teenagers and young people find out about Liber8? What collaborative work, if any, do you undertake with other agencies or services? Are you familiar with similar projects throughout Scotland? If so, do you see

Low-Power Television free essay sample

Definition, origins, administrative management positions, advantages limitations, economics, access, examples and regulations. Low power television (LPTV) has been in existence since 1980 and immediately spawned thousands of applications, so that by 1984 there were some 250 such stations in operation, 150 of them in Alaska. Yet, many Americans have no knowledge of these stations at all. The intent of the FCC was to fill the television needs of small-town and rural America, areas unable to support expensive stations. Full power stations have a signal that reaches between 50 and 60 miles, while LPTV stations reach between 10 and 15 miles. A full power station costs about $2.5 million to $3 million to launch, while an LPTV station can cost about $300,000 to launch. Similarly, the advertising rates are lower on LPTV stations, making them attractive for that purpose in small communities. From the first, though, there were problems with the allure of LPTV, but the stations proliferated..

HD diagnosis and treatment essays

AD/HD diagnosis and treatment essays Attention DeficitHyperactivity Disorder Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) is a diagnosis, which has increased dramatically over the last few years. This issue has both a medical and emotional side to it making discussion of the topic sometimes difficult. There are many children who seem to be uncontrollable both at home and in the classroom. This has teachers and parents clamoring to have these children placed on medication. There are many doctors who feel that this disorder is over diagnosed. They feel that children are being placed needlessly on mind-altering medication. There are many things that may mimic AD/HD. One of the most common is learning disabilities. This is one of the most important things to rule out when considering AD/HD. If a child has difficulty learning he is going to become bored, and is not going to be attentive or cooperative. However, having a learning disability does not mean that the child wouldnt also have AD/HD. It is estimated that up to 40 percent of children with AD/HD also have some other learning disability(Lerner 2). Formal testing for learning disabilities is crucial to make sure it is not playing at least some role if not the entire role in the childs apparent impassivity and inattention . Another thing that may mimic the symptoms of AD/HD is hearing or visual impairment. Anything that is hampering the childs ability to learn is going to result in decreased attention in the classroom. Significant hearing impairment may, unfortunately go unnoticed for years. Therefore, the usual hearing screen performed in the preschool years should be done. Vision problems also can go unnoticed so a vision screen should be done at the doctors office or at school. In 1917 and 1928 it was believed that brain damage was the cause of AD/HD. Terms like Minimal Brain Damage were used to describe children displaying a pattern of hype...

Liberal Arts Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Liberal Arts Education - Essay Example The true meaning of positive aspect can only be understood when one knows what the negative aspect is. Even by the spiritual considerations, the march is from ‘darkness to light.’ Without darkness, light has no existence. However, Liberal Arts offer a genuine challenge to the formal graduation courses. Liberal Arts Education permits a student to do want one wants, to pursue his choices, and to achieve in life the desired goal. Success or failures do not matter much and the process of living with your own crafted discipline with which you challenge your ambitions is really important. The Liberal Arts teach us as to how to be who we really are. This education process is like self-realization in the vocation of one’s choice. Many courses taught in the universities are just the suffixes after the names of those students who make them. There exist numerous Universities that proudly own directionless and destination-less courses, which are of no use in real-life situations. For example, a MBA in business management will not be able to run a corner shop selling hamburgers successfully! With the exception of accounting, business school is an absolute fraud. Mark Edmundson argues, â€Å"Education has one salient enemy in present-day America, and that enemy is education—university education in particular. To almost everyone, university education is a means to an end. For students, that end is a good job. Students want the credentials that will help them get ahead.†(116) He will be a successful MBA if he is able to outsmart another MBA in the competin g organization. Means, whether they are fair or foul, are of no consequence in the race for profiteering! A divorce in marriage spoils personal lives, besides that of children. A divorce in career destroys the inner world of an individual, as one is required to do something, which one does not really like. Most students who go to the College

Social desirability effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social desirability effect - Essay Example Field study is one of the methods employed by researchers in studying human behavior. Field studies are undertaken in a natural setting rather in a structured environment (Kitayama & Cohen, 2010, p. 220). It involves a naturalistic observation wherein researchers discreetly observe behaviors that occur in a natural setting. Field study also entails observation of individual’s reactions to stimuli or events designed by researchers in the natural setting (Kitayama & Cohen, 2010, p. 220). This particular method of study is interesting as it offers an in-depth detail of a social phenomenon. However, the results derived from these studies fail to provide objectivity as it relies on the researcher’s judgment. The means to improve such method become an interesting area of study. Field study can serve as an insightful means of defining group behaviors. Wimmer and Dominick (2010) stressed that field studies possess an advantage of being nonreactive. Reactivity refers to the effe cts of the subject’s awareness of being observed or measured on her or his behavior. The objectivity of studies often suffers from subject’s awareness of being observed (p. 225). Sevilla, Ochave, Punsalan, Regala, and Uriarte (1992) reiterated that there are variables in social psychology that cannot be explored through experimentation (p. 154). Thus, field study offers insights into these phenomena. It presents a great breadth and depth of understanding unattainable by quantitative researches (Shepard, 2004, p. 50). Shepard (2004) stressed that findings in a particular situation may not be applicable to other situations. In addition, most field studies fail to employ standardized measuring devices. Researchers rely on subjective interpretation and judgment. The researcher’s judgment is vulnerable to biases and blind spots (p. 50).

Developing Yourself as an Effective Human Resources or Learning and Development Practitione Essay Example for Free

Developing Yourself as an Effective Human Resources or Learning and Development Practitione Essay LO1: Understand the knowledge, skills, and behaviors required to be an effective HR or LD practitioner. Briefly summarize the CIPD Map (i.e. 2 core areas, specialist professional areas, the bands and the behaviors) Comment on the activities and knowledge specified within any 1 professional area at either band 1 or 2 identifying those you consider most essential to your own (or other identified) HR/LD role. The  HR Profession Map  is a framework based on extensive research with  HR professionals  at all stages of their career, and sets out what makes great  HR: the knowledge, skills, and behaviors. An extensive variety of associations and HR experts are currently utilizing the CIPDs Profession Map to benchmark and fabricate their HR ability at the singular, group, capacity and association levels As you can see on the image above CIPD has created LO2: Know how to deliver timely and effective HR services to meet users’ needs. 2.1. Identify the needs of 3 different customers using the HR service and explain how conflicting needs are prioritized. 2.2 Identify 3 different methods of communication and explain the advantages and disadvantages of each. In business, effective communication is vital to remaining competitive, amplifying benefit, keeping workers drew in and cheerful, and ensuring everybody is centered around the correct objectives and targets. At the point when correspondence is done effectively, it implies a similar thing to both the sender and recipient. Type of Communication Advantages Disadvantages Face to Face Eye to an eye is yet the favored correspondence channel if lucidity of a message is an essential factor. Communication in person enables you to connect with the audience in a forward and backward dialog. It likewise enables you to use nonverbal motions, outward appearances, and individual magnetism to upgrade the message. A disadvantage is a potential that a contention could turn out to be more warmed or enthusiastic in an eye to eye channel. Strain or stress is likewise more probable if you have the individual clash with the other individual. Written Email Email is a key correspondence direct in topographically scattered organizations or ones in which representative’s travel. Email considers more adaptable reaction times. You can communicate something specific one day and get a reaction in a couple of hours or the following day. It takes into consideration discussion that isnt time-forced, however, can serve for quick turnaround times. It additionally considers the incorporation of records, for example, archives or pictures. Email is less individual than either vis-à  -vis or telephone. The missing setting of the message may prompt errors or misjudged messages. Also, the greater part of emails and vital data can be lost with a basic hard-drive crash. In the event that email data are stored on another server, at that point information could get lost if that site goes down or bankrupt. Phone Land or cell phones have taken up the correspondence slack in organizations where separation and travel counteract eye to eye discussion. The phone still permits quick connection between two gatherings in the correspondence. Cell phones likewise extend your capacity to speak with removed specialists or workplaces. The absence of nonverbal or outward appearances expel those components from the message. This can repress the capacity to restrain the unique circumstance or feeling of a message sender. The telephone is likewise less personal than an up-close meeting. 2.3 Describe how you can provide effective service delivery. HR gives organization benefits over the representative lifecycle. Delivery perfection implies assembling and keeping up powerful administration, which incorporates: Building connections, which requires to invest energy and to speak with individuals, particularly up close and personal. This can be succeeded by being liberal, having an uplifting disposition, concentrating on passionate insight, listening effectively, promising open correspondence, esteeming others. There are many advantages in growing great connections: the work is more enjoyable and beneficial, it makes a positive domain, it values people and correspondence, it averts issues and enhances performances. Resolving complaints While instinctual a complain produces negative responses, overseeing it is part of the activity. It is significant to assume liability for the issue and to associate with a client on both an expert and individual level, utilizing cautious dialect, listen carefully and feel for the client. Moreover, grievances give the chance to enhance administrations delivery. Managing difficult customers Initially, it is fundamental staying alert that the client is despondent and to change claim attitude. Also, it is expected to listen them act. Right off the bat, it is central remaining ready that the customer is beset and to alter have the viewpoint. Moreover, it is relied upon to listen to them adequately, being empathic and after that repeat their stresses and make a request. Finally, demonstrate an answer and make a move rapidly revealing every movement to take to settle the issue. Finally, being empathic and after that rehash their worries and make inquiries. At last, display an answer and make a move instantly disclosing each progression to take to settle the issue. Managing time and budget constraints Overseeing time and budget successfully serves to deliver magnificence, to be beneficial and to meet desires. A key factor for effectiveness is to organize undertakings, distributing time and money related assets where it is generally required. It is vital to esteem the time and assets. It intends to compose, taking control of the day and arranging costs. Seeking continuous improvement The key to a consistent change in delivering outstanding services is observing the inner process, gaining from clients input, modifying the delivery process and enhancing performances and administrations guidelines. LO3: Be able to reflect on own practice and development needs and maintain a plan for personal development. 3.1 Define and explain the importance of Continuous Professional Development Most of the people once they have got their degree feel that their trip to knowledge has come to an end. They do not realize that the trip just began. Working in HR specifically is a continuous journey to research and expansion of knowledge and skills. This not only benefits the individuals but enhances ‘’Continuing professional development is important because it ensures you continue to be competent in your profession. It is an ongoing process and continues throughout a professional’s career.’’ http://continuingprofessionaldevelopment.org/why-is-cpd-important/Here are some examples explaining why CPD is playing an important role in our careers: CPD guarantees our abilities keep pace with the present principles of others in a similar field. CPD guarantees that we and our insight remain important and progressive. We are more mindful of the changing patterns and headings in our calling. The pace of progress is presumably quicker than its at any point been – and this is an element of the new type that we live and work in. On the off chance that we stop, we will get left behind, as the cash of our insight and abilities winds up plainly outdated. upgrade our certainty and inspiration add to our vocation advancement as we turn out to be more viable in our working environment CPD encourages us to remain intrigued and fascinating. Experience is an extraordinary educator; however, it means that we tend to do what we have done sometime recently. Centered CPD opens us up to new potential outcomes, new information and new aptitude zones. 3.2 Undertake a self-assessment against the CIPD Professional Map at either band 1 or band 2. Identify the areas for development. 3.3 Explain at least 2 of the options you have considered to meet your development needs which have been identified through undertaking 3.2. 3.4 Devise a personal development plan based on the outcome of the self -assessment and any personal aspirations which are relevant. This should cover a period of 6 months. undertaking 3.2. Bibliography Article title: Profession Map for HR and LD | CIPD Website title: CIPD URL: https://www.cipd.co.uk/learn/career/profession-map Author Continuing Development Article title: The importance of continuing professional development (CPD) Website title: Continuing Professional Development URL: http://continuingprofessionaldevelopment.org/why-is-cpd-important/

Health care ethics Essay -- essays research papers

The basic rights of human beings, such as concern for personal dignity, are always of great importance. During illness, however, these rights are extremely vital and must be protected. Therefore, healthcare providers should make an effort to assure that these rights are preserved for their patients. Likewise, health care providers have the right to expect reasonable and responsible behavior on the part of our patients, their relatives, and friends. This is where the patient’s bill of rights comes into play.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Patient\\\'s Bill of Rights was first adopted by the American Hospital Association (AHA) in 1973 and revised in October 1992. Patient rights were developed with the expectation that it would contribute to more effective patient care. It aids the patients and their families to understand their rights and responsibilities (Edge et al, 1998).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In theory, once one understood the right, one should be able to reason out the correlative obligations. Below are two obligations to each of the items found in the patient\\\'s bill of rights.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Respect and Dignity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Respect the dignity of the patient by being considerate and caring   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Do not discriminate based on sex, race or religion, etc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Identity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Hospital staff should wear name badges to identify themselves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Staff members should introduce themselves to you and describe their roles   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  before care is given.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Participation in Treatment Decisions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Provide the patients with their treatment option   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Allow the patient to participate in the treatment options available   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Advanced Directive   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Advice patients of their rights to make informed medical choices, ask if the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  patient has an advance directive.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Honor the wishes of the patient as stated in his/her directive as permitted   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  by law and hospital policy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Privacy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Do not disclose information abo... ...and regulatory standards. Their broad range of patient care, education, public health, social service, and business functions is essential to the health and well being of their communities. These roles and functions demand that health care organizations conduct themselves in an ethical manner that emphasizes a basic community service orientation and justifies the public trust. The health care institution\\\'s mission and values should be embodied in all its programs, services, and activities (Ethical Conduct for Health Care Institutions, 1992).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So although the patient can sue for malpractice, it will be based on laws related to the ethical principles, but not the Ethical Principles themselves. For example, if a patient feels that they were treated differently because of race, they would file a discrimination suit, which is legally sanctioned under other legal legislature. It seems quite complicated, but it is important to recognize the difference between ethics and the law.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ethical complaints (i.e., the nurse did not treat me with respect) goes before a hospital disciplinary panel, but not before the legal courts.

Mr and Mrs Ramsay †Characterization Essay

The modernist way of thinking in literature brought about new ways of understanding and writing about people. Unlike the 19th century, where neo-classical influences still prevailed at times, writers of the 20th century focus on an individual’s personal experience, feelings, what he is going through and how this affects him. The new way of looking at people (prompted by the advancements in psychoanalysis among others) makes the modern man a complete man – all the things, however small, that define him are taken into consideration – and an important stress in laid on subjectivity as unique and only way of perceiving the world and appropriating it to himself. In her 1924 essay Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown, Virginia Woolf wrote that On or about December 1910, human character changed. I am not saying that one went out, as one might into a garden, and there saw that a rose had flowered, or that a hen had laid an egg. The change was not sudden and definite like that. But a change there was, nevertheless; and, since one must be arbitrary, let us date it about the year 1910. However, perhaps it was only the humans’ change, but also, the way that was written about humans and their life, be it ordinary, outside, and more importantly, their inner life. Such is the case with Mr. and Mrs. Ramsay, the two main characters of Virginia Woolf’s novel To the Lighthouse. The two are a couple in their fifties, married, and have eight children. They form a beautiful, and to some extent typical family. However, there is a lot that contributes to their division. Mrs. Ramsay is a beautiful woman, aged fifty, who has made an art out of being a woman, more specifically a mother. She is arguably the true protagonist of the book, as her being permeates the existence of the ones around her. She is the one who sets everything into motion – be it dinner parties, marriages, helping the ones around her, she is the one who never disappoints, and never seems to fail. She defines her existence through her being a mother and a wife: Oh, but she never wanted James to grow a day older! r Cam either. These two she would have liked to keep for ever just as they were, demons of wickedness, angels of delight, never to see them grow up into long-legged monsters. Nothing made up for the loss. She loves her children, and would do anything to protect them and their childhood. This is the reason why she tells James, her youngest, that they will be able to go to the Lighthouse the following day, and why she resents her husband so much for stating the contrary obvious and crushing little James’ hopes. Although she is no longer a young woman, Mrs. Ramsay is full of vitality and energy. She is the central figure, around which the action revolves and who, at the same time, sets the action in motion. Her intentions are good: knitting socks for the Lighthouse keeper’s tuberculosis-ridden son, tries to be nice to Charles Tansley, Mr. Ramsay’s student with working class origins whom her children mock, to Augustus Carmichael whose old age and opium addiction are sources of others’ looking down on him. Constantly being surrounded by people has led her to become the gracious hostess and caring mother she is, but also to defining (and also seeing herself) in that position for ever. Having been a mother to small children a big part of her life (the Ramsays have eight children), and still being one, she wishes to keep her children at this age forever, supposedly for their well-being, but perhaps this comes due to a need to protect and go on the same routine she has known, as it is hard for her to think about herself outside these terms. One of the instances in which this is evident is the moment when she can follow her regular string of thoughts for as long as she hears some kind of familiar noises in the background. She is not used to being by herself, and not surrounded by people. However, in some truly honest moments, she does not hide behind different masks (seen as roles she takes, mother, wife, host, friend), and acknowledges her own existence as something deeply personal and private: She took a look at life, for she had a clear sense of it there, something real, something private, which she shared neither with her children nor with her husband. What one can also recognize are remnants of Victorian morals and models, in both her and her husband. She is the central, matriarchal figure, who takes care of her family, a dutiful wife while managing the household (one of her recurring thoughts is that the bill for the greenhouse will be fifty pound, and tries to be a matchmaker for Minta and Paul, but also for Lily Briscoe and Mr.  Bankes, while being beautiful and admired, as Victorian women were expected to be. She has always maintained and upheld a steadfast belief in traditional gender roles – men being strong and hiding weaknesses (for their chivalry and valour, for the fact that they negotiated treaties, ruled India, controlled finance), and women being the ones bringing the family together, and this makes her resent Mr. Ramsay for his confession to her that he feels like a failure. She cannot bear the thought of her husband being a lesser man than who she thinks and wants him to be, a man better than her: She did not like, even for a second, to feel finer than her husband; and further, could not bear not being entirely sure, when she spoke to him, of the truth of what she said (†¦) but it was their relation, and his coming to her like that, openly, so that any one could see, that discomposed her; for then people said he depended on her, when they must know that of the two he was infinitely the more important, and what she gave the world, in comparison with what he gave, negligible. It is interesting to see the way she influences and sometimes dominates the lives of those around her; her husband is restless after her death and while they are still a couple feels he is a disappointment to her and himself. Prue, her daughter, admires her greatly: what a chance it was for Minta and Paul and Lily to see her, and feeling what an extraordinary stroke of fortune it was for her, to have her. Mrs. Ramsay admires Lily Briscoe for her independence (she was an independent little creature, and Mrs.  Ramsay liked her for it), her peculiar charm and her flare of something, that reminds her of herself. In turn, the young painter feels compelled by Mrs. Ramsay’s beauty and personality, that attracts and fascinates Lily, and which she finds impossible to transpose in the painting she is working on. It is only through Mrs. Ramsay, even after her death, that Lily finds her clarity and her vision. Mr. Ramsay is Mrs. Ramsay’s husband and one of the protagonists of the novel. He is a man in his fifties, a father and a metaphysics philosophy teacher. He defines himself through his work and, like an artist, is concerned with whether his work will be remembered, worth remembering, and how long it will survive after he is gone. This is one of the things that constantly drive him. Just like his wife, being raised in the spirit of traditional values and gender stereotypes, in relationships with his children he is tough, insensitive and has the mentality that he must always be authoritarian and must always do things the right way. He is a rationalist, and feels he must stick to sound principles even when it comes to letting his six-year old son James hope that the weather will be fine so as to go to the Lighthouse the following day: But it won’t be fine. While Mrs. Ramsay tries to smooth out what had been harsh before, he has no problem with being harsh as long as it means sticking to the cold truth: What he said was true. It was always true. He was incapable of untruth; never tampered with a fact; never altered a disagreeable word to suit the pleasure or convenience of any mortal being, least of all of his own children. †¦). His duty, his fatherly duty is to make sure his children are prepared for their grown-up life from the beginning, although he is unaware of the fact that his presence stifles them: his own children, who, sprung from his loins, should be aware from childhood that life is difficult. Through the eyes of Lily Briscoe, he is not good enough for Mrs. Ramsay, while through the eyes of his son James, who wants to take his place in a typical Oedipus’ complex, he is too harsh and cold, but he is also admired for his intelligence. Had there been an axe handy, a poker, or any weapon that would have gashed a hole in his father’s breast and killed him, there and then, James would have seized it. Such were the extremes of emotion that Mr. Ramsay excited in his children’s breasts by his mere presence. These do not mean that he and Mrs. Ramsay do not complement and complete each other. As it is observed in the first chapter of the novel, He found talking much easier than she did, but she felt herself very beautiful. He is the talkative one, the intellectual one, but it is her presence that attracts people. Moreover, both of them are dutiful persons. If Mrs. Ramsay thinks her duty is with her family and trying to keep everyone happy and being a gracious host, Mr. Ramsay sees his duty in his work, his duty is to leave something valuable behind. The Ramsays are polar opposites, and can embody the Jungian archetypes of animus and anima. Among others, he has a constant need for approval and for people to tell him that his work is important and valuable. These (new to the time) ideas are what torment him so much as to make him confess to his wife that he feels like a failure, in hope of reassurance and sought-for comforting. However, this situation is new to what both of them have known about the way each other is supposed to be or feel, or the way they should handle it. This explains the distance that is created between them upon hearing each other’s take on the situation. Their inability to show true empathy can be a result of their Victorian ideas about their spouse and marriage and their own role there being put to the test. Victorian society would not have permitted for men to show weakness, not to mention confessing it to their own wives, their obvious inferior, and for women to think that they can even for a moment be better than their husbands. At the turn of a century and an age, they as individuals are confronted with new ideas, new sides of themselves they do not know how to reconcile with the other, traditional ideas everyone including themselves had taken as unmovable. This difficulty is seen in the stream of thoughts of both of them, but also has, as visible result, a cut/breach in communication between them, which leads to a possible estrangement/alienation from the other. What they fail to see is that the 20th century society and way of life gave way to a better way of communicating, they way one felt was important, and no one was supposed to play a previously defined part, and that this is the way things should be. This is seen in how they react to Mr. Ramsay’s moment of complete honesty – Mrs. Ramsay cannot bear the thought of him telling her this and of actually having to be the better one, while Mr. Ramsay cannot get the comfort and reassurance he needs. Indeed, as Virginia Woolf wrote in her essay, human character did change at the beginning of the 20th century. People, both women and men, became more aware of themselves, and most importantly, became aware of their inner life and the attention it deserved. But this could not have been possible without the insight modernist writers offered through their books. What they tried to do, using the stream of consciousness technique, is depict the way human minds work, the messy, not completely coherent ways that this happens, the way in which we perceive a moment and how intense we live it and how much happens within us during that moment as opposed to the measured moment (the irst pages of the first chapter, when the same moment is presented through the eyes and inner thoughts of three characters). What they achieved, however, was to show that human beings are different (as Lily Briscoe says, fifty eyes are not enough to get round one person), and that everyone tries to find meaning in fleeting moments, albeit differently, and that society was wrong in fitting them into stereotypes. And this too helped change the remnants of the Victorian society and turn people of the age into modern souls.

George Orwells 1984 Essay - 1038 Words

The Book 1984 was written by George Orwell shortly after W.W.II. I think this book really shows us what would happen if the government gets too powerful. It was written long ago and set in the future, but I feel like the message is still very relevant today. This story takes place in an imaginary country called Oceania; it is one of the three large super states in the world of 1984. Oceania is a society similar to Hitlers Germany; with absolute power in the government and absolutely no individualism. Oceania is ruled by a totalitarian government, the leader of the government was Big Brother. Big brother monitors all the people by telescreens and the thought police. Telescreens watch every move that is made and there is no privacy.†¦show more content†¦The language made communication far more difficult and really took away the chance for rebellion. Oceania was in constant war with the two other super states, Eastasia and Eurasia. All three super states were governed in the same strict ways. This made it impossible for Winston or others to flee from the horrible circumstances in which they lived. The story began by introducing the main character Winston Smith. Winston worked for the government, rewriting the history of Oceania to make Big Brother seem all-powerful. This showed the extreme measures Big Brother went to so that it would not be overthrown. Winston disagreed with the government, but kept his feelings hidden to escape persecution from the thought police. Since Winston was keeping his dissatisfaction from everyone, he was very paranoid. He judged everyone as if they were a spy waiting to catch him and take him to prison. Although odd, Winston symbolized the good left in a society where there was not much good. Winston fell in love with a woman he worked with named Julia. He and Julia shared the same beliefs and frustrations with the government. 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